Magnolia champaca is known in English as champak. Other vernacular names in English include joy perfume tree, yellow jade orchid tree and fragrant Himalayan champaca. It is known for its fragrant flowers, and its timber used in woodworking. It is native to the Maldives, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.It has strongly fragrant flowers in varying shades of cream to yellow-orange which bloom during June to September.
黃蘭（英文名稱為 champak）其他英文俗名包括喜樂香水樹、黃玉蘭樹和芳香喜馬拉雅黃蘭。因其芳香的花朵和可用於木工的木材而聞名。它原產於馬爾地夫、孟加拉、柬埔寨、中國、印度、印尼、馬來西亞、緬甸、尼泊爾、菲律賓、泰國和越南。它的花朵芳香濃鬱，顏色從乳白色到黃橙色不等，花期為六月至九月。
Here are some varieties and hybrids derived from the Magnolia champaca:
以下是由黃蘭衍生的一些變種及雜交品種：
Notes for Magnolia x alba 白蘭筆記
- Magnolia × alba is a hybrid of Magnolia champaca and Magnolia montana.
- Magnolia × alba, also known as the white champaca, white sandalwood, or white jade orchid tree, is a flowering plant of hybrid origin that is commonly cultivated in Southeast Asia and tropical regions of East Asia.
- It is widely cultivated as an ornamental in Asia for the strongly fragrant flowers.
- In Taiwan, the flowers are plucked from trees before they open and bunches of them are strung together on wire, to be sold at roadside to truck and taxi drivers.
- In Indonesia, the pleasantly fragrant flower is used and arranged together with Jasminum sambac as flower garland, especially wore by brides during traditional wedding ceremony. The flowers are similarly used in Thailand, where they are worn as traditional wedding garlands by the bride and groom.
- An essential oil is extracted from the flowers.
- In traditional Chinese medicine, the flowers are used to move qi and relieve cough.
- 白蘭是黃蘭和山含笑的雜交品種。
- 白玉，又稱白香蘭、白檀香或白玉蘭樹(別稱白玉蘭,還有黃葛蘭、黃桷蘭的別名)，是一種雜交開花植物，常見於東南亞和東亞熱帶地區。
- 白蘭因為有著濃烈的香氣，在亞洲成為一種廣泛種植的園藝植物。
- 臺灣慣稱白蘭為「玉蘭花」。臺灣玉蘭花的最大產地在屏東縣高樹鄉，其次為鹽埔鄉。在臺灣，玉蘭花還未完全開時便被摘下用鐵絲綁起來，賣花人常在絡繹不絕的車道上向駕駛兜售「玉蘭花」。
- 在印尼，新娘在傳統婚禮上，常佩戴這種由芬芳的白蘭花與茉莉一起所作成的花環。在泰國，新娘和新郎也將它們作為傳統婚禮的花環佩戴。
- 白蘭可以壓榨出精油。
- 在傳統中醫裏，白蘭的花可用來行氣止咳。
Notes for Magnolia champaca 黃蘭筆記
- Magnolia champaca is known in English as champak. Other vernacular names in English include joy perfume tree, yellow jade orchid tree and fragrant Himalayan champaca. It is known for its fragrant flowers, and its timber used in woodworking.
- It is native to the Maldives, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. In China it is native to southern Tibet and southern/southwestern Yunnan Provinces.
- It has strongly fragrant flowers in varying shades of cream to yellow-orange which bloom during June to September. The fragrant flowers attract butterflies and hummingbirds. Its aril-covered seeds are highly attractive to birds.
- The flowers are primarily used in worship ceremonies, whether at home or out in temples. Flowers are also floated in bowls of water to scent the room, as a fragrant and colourful decoration for bridal beds, and for garlands.
- The tree was traditionally used to make fragrant hair and massage oils.
- In its native India and Southeast Asia, champaca is logged for its valuable timber. It has a finely textured, dark brown and olive-colored wood, which is used in furniture making, construction, and cabinetry.
- 黃蘭（英文名稱為 champak）其他英文俗名包括喜樂香水樹、黃玉蘭樹和芳香喜馬拉雅黃蘭。因其芳香的花朵和可用於木工的木材而聞名。
- 它原產於馬爾地夫、孟加拉、柬埔寨、中國、印度、印尼、馬來西亞、緬甸、尼泊爾、菲律賓、泰國和越南。在中國，它原產於西藏南部和雲南省南部/西南部。
- 它的花朵芳香濃鬱，顏色從乳白色到黃橙色不等，花期為六月至九月。芳香的花朵吸引蝴蝶和蜂鳥。其假種皮覆蓋的種子對鳥類極具吸引力。
- 這些花主要用於祭祀儀式，無論是在家中或寺廟裡。還將鮮花漂浮在水碗中，使房間充滿香氣，作為新婚床和花環的芳香和多彩的裝飾。
- 這種樹傳統上被用來製作芳香髮油和按摩油。
- 在原產地印度和東南亞，黃蘭因其珍貴的木材而被砍伐。它具有細膩紋理、深棕色和橄欖色的木材，可用於製作家具、建築和櫥櫃。
References 參考資料
- Wikipedia: Magnolia champaca
- 維基百科: 黃蘭
- Wikipedia: Magnolia × alba
- 維基百科: 白蘭
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